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This heading covers the moulding boxes used in metal foundry, mould bases and moulding patterns, with certain exceptions referred to later, it also covers all moulds (whether or not hinged, and whether used by hand or in presses or moulding machines) which are of a kind used for moulding the following materials into blanks or finished articles :
(Ⅰ) Metals and metal carbides. (Ⅱ) Glass (including fused quartz or other fused silica) or mineral materials such as ceramic pastes, cement, plaster or concrete. (Ⅲ) Rubber or plastics. In general, the essential function of a mould is to retain the material in a predetermined shape while it sets; some moulds also exert a certain pressure on the material. But the heading excludes stamping dies of heading 82.07 since these shape the material solely by means of a powerful blow or compression (e.g., dies for stamping out sheet-metal goods). (A) MOULDING BOXES FOR METAL FOUNDRY
These are frames usually of cast iron or steel and usually rectangular or round. They hold the sand mould formed by pressing the sand around a pattern. (B) MOULD BASES
These are plates placed on the bottom of the moulds. (C) MOULDING PATTERNS
These include foundry patterns, foundry cores, core boxes, moulding boards, pattern plates etc., used in the preparation of sand moulds (generally of wood). (D) MOULDS FOR METAL (OTHER THAN INGOT MOULDS) OR FOR METAL CARBIDES
This group includes : (1) Chill-moulds (die-casts). These take the form of a metallic casing consisting of two or more adjustable parts which reproduce, in hollow form, the shape of the required articles. (2) Pressure-casting moulds, into which the molten metal is forced under pressure. They normally consist of two complementary metallic chill-moulds, with hollows corresponding to the shape of the required articles in their opposing faces; in some cases the halves of the mould compress the molten metal to a certain degree. (3) Moulds for sintering metal powders. These moulds are heated. They are sometimes also used for sintering metal carbides or ceramic powders. (4) Cylindrical moulds for centrifugal moulding machines (e.g., for casting iron pipes, gun barrels). (E) MOULDS FOR GLASS
This group includes : (1) Moulds for glass paving stones, bricks or flags, and compression moulds for glass tiles. (2) Bottle moulds for hand or machine working, including pedal operated moulds (e.g., blank or finishing moulds, ring moulds). (3) Moulds for hollow glassware, for insulators, etc. (4) Shaping moulds for glassmakers' lathes. (5) Moulds made of steel or cast iron, used to make lens or spectacle blanks, etc. (F) MOULDS FOR MINERAL MATERIALS
This group includes : (1) Moulds for ceramic pastes (e.g., brick moulds, moulds for pipes or for other articles of ceramics, including moulds for artificial teeth). (2) Moulds for moulding concrete, cement or asbestos-cement goods (tubes, vats, paving stones, flags, chimney-pots, bannisters, architectural ornaments, wall, floor or roof slabs, etc.). Also moulds for making prefabricated construction elements of reinforced or prestressed concrete (window frames, parts of vaulting beams, railway sleepers, etc.). (3) Moulds for agglomerating abrasives into grinding wheels. (4) Moulds for plaster, staff or stucco articles (e.g., toys, statuettes and ceiling decorations). (G) MOULDS FOR RUBBER OR PLASTICS
This group includes : (1) "Bladder" moulds for vulcanising tyres. These consist of two adjustable metal chill-moulds, steam or electrically heated, enclosing a kind of air-inflated ring-shaped bag (the air-bag) or hot water-inflated bag (the water-bag), which presses the tyre firmly against the mould surfaces. (2) Moulds for moulding or vulcanising miscellaneous rubber articles. (3) Moulds for making plastic articles, whether or not electrically or otherwise heated; they may operate by gravity, or by injection or compression.
The heading also includes preliminary tabletting moulds. These employ a cold process to consolidate the moulding powders into tablets, each of which contains the appropriate quantity of material (and are of a suitable shape and volume) ready for final moulding into the desired article. The heading also excludes : (a) Forms used in the manufacture of articles (e.g., gloves) by dipping the form into liquid rubber, plastics, etc. (classified according to their constituent material). (b) Moulds made of graphite or other carbon (heading 68.15). (c) Moulds of any kind made of ceramics (heading 69.03 or 69.09, as the case may be). (d) Moulds made of glass (heading 70.20). (e) Ingot moulds (heading 84.54). (f) Moulds for the manufacture of semiconductor devices (heading 84.86). (g) Matrices and masters for the production of records (heading 85.23). (h) Subject to the above exclusions, moulds used on presses and other machines, for the moulding of materials other than those cited in the text of this heading (classified as parts of the machines for which they are designed).
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