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88.06 Unmanned aircraft.
In accordance with Note 1 to this Chapter, this heading covers unmanned aircraft, designed to be flown without a pilot on board, other than those specified in heading 88.01. Unmanned aircraft may be capable of remote-controlled flight only which is operated by an operator from another place (for example, ground, ship, another aircraft, or space) at all times during the flight operation, or capable of flight which is programmed to be performed without the intervention by an operator.
Although unmanned aircraft may have various shapes and sizes, they are commonly equipped with one or more propellers or rotors driven by motors, or fixed wings, and communication systems for command and control by a remote operator. They may also incorporate Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, (e.g., GPS, GLONASS or BEIDOU) for stable hovering and flying back to the take-off point and systems for obstacle avoidance, object recognition and tracking function.
Unmanned aircraft may be designed to carry a payload or equipped with permanently integrated digital cameras or other equipment to be used for utilitarian functions such as the carriage of cargo or passengers, aerial photography, agricultural or scientific work, rescue duties, fire-fighting, surveillance, or for military purposes.
The heading also excludes flying toys or models designed solely for recreational or amusement purposes, and that are not designed to perform utilitarian functions. They can be distinguished, for example by their low weight, limited height, distance or time they can fly, maximum speed, inability to fly autonomously or inability to carry a load/cargo, or because they are not equipped with sophisticated electronic apparatus (e.g. Global Positioning Systems, night flight requirements or nocturnal visibility) (heading 95.03).
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