29.08 - Æä³îÀ̳ª Æä³î¾ËÄÚ¿ÃÀÇ ÇҷΰÕÈÀ¯µµÃ¼¡¤¼úÆùÈÀ¯µµÃ¼¡¤´ÏÆ®·ÎÈÀ¯µµÃ¼¡¤´ÏÆ®·Î¼ÒÈÀ¯µµÃ¼
À̵éÀº Çϳª³ª ±× ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¼ö¼Ò¿øÀÚ°¡ Çҷΰձâ(halgen group)¡¤¼úÆù±â(sulpho group)(-SO3H), ´ÏÆ®·Î±â(nitro group)(-NO2)³ª ´ÏÆ®·Î¼Ò±â(nitroso group)(-NO)³ª À̵éÀÇ º¹ÇÕ±â¿Í ġȯÇÏ¿© ¾ò¾îÁö´Â Æä³î(phenol)°ú Æä³î¾ËÄÚ¿Ã(phenol-alcohol)ÀÇ À¯µµÃ¼ÀÌ´Ù.(A) ÇҷΰÕÈ(halogenated)À¯µµÃ¼ (1) ¿À¸£ÅäŬ·Î·ÎÆä³î(o-chlorophenol) : °ÇÑ ³¿»õ¸¦ Áö´Ñ ¾×ü (2) ¸ÞŸŬ·Î·ÎÆä³î(m-chlorophenol) : ¹«»ö°áÁ¤Ã¼ (3) ÆĶóŬ·Î·ÎÆä³î(p-chlorophenol) : ºÒÄèÇÑ ³¿»õ¸¦ Áö´Ñ ±«»óÀÇ °áÁ¤Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù. ¾Õ¿¡¼ ¼³¸íÇÑ ¼¼ °¡ÁöÀÇ ¹°Ç°Àº À¯±â ÇÕ¼º¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù(¿¹: ¿°·á). (4) ÆĶó-Ŭ·Î·Î-¸ÞŸ-Å©·¹Á¹(p-chloro-m-cresol)[4-Ŭ·Î·Î-3-¸ÞÆ¿Æä³î(4-chloro-3-methylphenol)] : ¹«ÃëÀÇ ¼Òµ¶Á¦·Î¼ ¹°¿¡ ¾à°£ ³ìÀ¸¸ç ºñ´©¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿ëÀÌÇÏ°Ô À¯ÈµÈ´Ù. (5) Ŭ·Î·ÎÈ÷µå·ÎÄû³í(chlorohydroquinone)[Ŭ·Î·ÎÄû³î(chloroquinol)] (B) ¼úÆùÈ(sulphonated)À¯µµÃ¼ (1) Æä³î¼úÆù»ê(phenolsulphonic acid)(HOC6H4SO3H) : Æä³î(phenol)À» ¼úÆùÈ(sulphonated)ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¾ò¾îÁø´Ù. (2) ³ªÇÁÅç¼úÆù»ê(naphtholsuphonic acid) : ³ªÇÁÅç(naphthol)À» Á÷Á¢ ¼úÆùÈ(sulphonated)Çϰųª ÇÕ¼º¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¾ò¾îÁø´Ù. À̵éÀº ¿°·áÀÇ Á¦Á¶¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ÈÇÕ¹°À» ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ±× ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¹°Ç°Àº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù. (a) 1-³ªÇÁÅç-4-¼úÆù»ê(1-naphthol-4-sulphonic acid)(Neville-Winther acid) : ±¤ÅüºÀÇ Åõ¸íÇÑ Ç÷¹ÀÌÅ©(flake) ¸ð¾çÀ̳ª Ȳ¹é»öÀÇ °¡·çÀÌ´Ù. (b) 2-³ªÆ®Åç-6-¼úÆù»ê(1-naphthol-6-sulphonic acid)(Schaeffer-acid) : ¿¯Àº ÇÎÅ©¹é»öÀÇ °¡·ç (c) 2-³ªÇÁÅç-7-¼úÆù»ê(2-naphthol-7-sulphonic acid)(F acid) : ¹é»ö °¡·ç (d) 1-³ªÇÁÅç-5-¼úÆù»ê(1-naphthol-5-sulphonic acid) : Á¶ÇؼºÀÇ °áÁ¤Ã¼ (e) 2-³ªÇÁÅç-8-¼úÆù»ê(2-naphthol-8-sulphonic acid)(crocein acid) : Ȳ¹é»öÀÇ °¡·ç (C) ´ÏÆ®·ÎÈ(nitrated)À¯µµÃ¼ (1) ¿À¸£Åä(o)-¡¤¸ÞŸ(m)-¡¤ÆĶó(p)-´ÏÆ®·ÎÆä³î(nitrophenol)(HOC6H4NO2) : Ȳ»öÀÇ °áÁ¤Ã¼·Î¼; À¯±â ÇÕ¼º¿°·á¿Í ÀÇ·á¿ëÇ°ÀÇ Á¦Á¶¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. (2) µð´ÏÆ®·ÎÆä³î(dinitrophenol)(HOC6H3(NO2)2) : °áÁ¤ÁúÀÇ °¡·ç·Î¼; Æø¾à¡¤È²È ¿°·áÀÇ Á¦Á¶¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. (3) Æ®¸®´ÏÆ®·ÎÆä³î(trinitrophenol)[ÇÇÅ©¸£»ê(picric acid)](HOC6H2(NO2)3) : ±¤ÅüºÀÇ È²»ö °áÁ¤Ã¼·Î¼ ³¿»õ°¡ ¾øÀ¸¸ç µ¶¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ°í È»óÀÇ Ä¡·á¿Í Æø¾àÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇϸç; ±× ¿°Àº ÇÇÅ©¸£»ê¿°(picrate)À¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. (4) µð´ÏÆ®·Î-¿À¸£Åä-Å©·¹Á¹(dinitro-o-cresol) (5) Æ®¸®´ÏÆ®·ÎÅ©½Ç·¹³î(trinitroxylenol) (D) ´ÏÆ®·Î¼ÒÈ(nitrosated)À¯µµÃ¼ (1) ¿À¸£Åä(o)-¡¤¸ÞŸ(m)-¡¤ÆĶó(p)-´ÏÆ®·Î¼ÒÆä³î(nitrosophenol) : ´ÏÆ®·Î¼ÒÆä³î(nitrosophenol)ÀÌ Äû³í¿Á½É(quinone oxim)ÀÇ È£º¯Ã¼(û»Ü¨ô÷ : tautomeric form) Áß¿¡¼ ¹ÝÀÀÇÑ´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¸¸À¸·Î À̰͵éÀ» ÀÌ È£¿¡ ºÐ·ùÇϴµ¥ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. (2) ´ÏÆ®·Î¼Ò³ªÇÁÅç(nitrosonaphthol)
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