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88.05 Aircraft launching gear; deck arrestor or similar gear; ground flying trainers; parts of the foregoing articles.
This heading covers three entirely distinct types of goods, viz. :(A) Aircraft launching gear.
Aircraft launching gear, generally used on board ships, incorporates a metal structure which guides the aircraft to be launched. The acceleration required for the take-off is provided by the action of compressed air, steam, exploding cartridges, etc., exerted on a trolley or ram on which the aircraft is mounted.
The heading excludes : (a) Motor driven winch gear used for launching gliders (heading 84.25). (b) Rocket-launching ramps and towers which merely guide rockets during take-off without propelling them, the rockets climbing under their own power (heading 84.79). (B) Deck arrestor or similar gear.
This gear, used on aircraft carriers and at some aerodromes, serves to reduce the speed of an aircraft at the moment of landing, in order to shorten the length of runway needed for the aircraft to come to a halt.
The heading does not, however, cover other equipment, such as safety equipment (nets, for example). (C) Ground flying trainers.
Examples of these devices which are used for training pilots include : (1) Flight simulators which function electronically. Flying conditions are simulated by electronic apparatus which feed into the controls the correct combination of "feel" and reading corresponding to given flying conditions. Air combat simulators refer to any electronic or mechanical system for training aircraft pilots by simulating air combat conditions during flight.
When mounted on a motor vehicle chassis or trailer, this type of equipment is classified in heading 87.05 or 87.16 respectively (but see the Explanatory Note to heading 87.16). (2) A device known as a "link trainer" comprising a small cabin pivoting on a base and equipped as an aeroplane cockpit enabling the pupil to carry out all the manoeuvres required in normal flying.
PARTS
This heading also covers parts of the above-mentioned articles, provided the parts fulfil both the following conditions :(ⅰ) They must be identifiable as being suitable for use solely or principally with such articles; and (ⅱ) They must not be excluded by the provisions of the Notes to Section XVII (see the corresponding General Explanatory Note).
The heading excludes, however, equipment principally intended to register human reactions under arduous flying conditions (e.g., high acceleration, shortage of oxygen); such equipment (e.g., compartments built on a rotating arm which simulate supersonic flying conditions) is in the nature of reflex-testing apparatus and as such is classified in heading 90.19.
Equipment which is not specially designed for the flying training of pilots but for the general instruction of aircrews (e.g., large scale models of gyroscopes) is also excluded (heading 90.23).
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