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29.08 - Æä³îÀ̳ª Æä³î¾ËÄÚ¿ÃÀÇ ÇҷΰÕÈ­À¯µµÃ¼¡¤¼úÆùÈ­À¯µµÃ¼¡¤´ÏÆ®·ÎÈ­À¯µµÃ¼¡¤´ÏÆ®·Î¼ÒÈ­À¯µµÃ¼

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À̵éÀº Çϳª³ª ±× ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¼ö¼Ò¿øÀÚ°¡ Çҷΰձâ(halgen group)¡¤¼úÆù±â(sulpho group)(-SO3H), ´ÏÆ®·Î±â(nitro group)(-NO2)³ª ´ÏÆ®·Î¼Ò±â(nitroso group)(-NO)³ª À̵éÀÇ º¹ÇÕ±â¿Í ġȯÇÏ¿© ¾ò¾îÁö´Â Æä³î(phenol)°ú Æä³î¾ËÄÚ¿Ã(phenol alcohol)ÀÇ À¯µµÃ¼ÀÌ´Ù.

(A) ÇҷΰÕÈ­(halogenated)À¯µµÃ¼

(1) ¿À¸£ÅäŬ·Î·ÎÆä³î(o-chlorophenol) : °­ÇÑ ³¿»õ¸¦ Áö´Ñ ¾×ü

(2) ¸ÞŸŬ·Î·ÎÆä³î(m-chlorophenol) : ¹«»ö°áÁ¤Ã¼

(3) ÆĶóŬ·Î·ÎÆä³î(p-chlorophenol) : ºÒÄèÇÑ ³¿»õ¸¦ Áö´Ñ ±«»óÀÇ °áÁ¤Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù.
¾Õ¿¡¼­ ¼³¸íÇÑ ¼¼ °¡ÁöÀÇ ¹°Ç°Àº À¯±â ÇÕ¼º¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù(¿¹: ¿°·á).

(4) ÆĶó-Ŭ·Î·Î-¸ÞŸ-Å©·¹Á¹(4-Ŭ·Î·Î-3-¸ÞÆ¿Æä³î)[p-chloro-m-cresol(4-chloro-3-methylphenol)] : ¹«ÃëÀÇ ¼Òµ¶Á¦·Î¼­ ¹°¿¡ ¾à°£ ³ìÀ¸¸ç ºñ´©¿¡´Â ¿ëÀÌÇÏ°Ô À¯È­µÈ´Ù.

(5) Ŭ·Î·ÎÈ÷µå·ÎÄû³í(Ŭ·Î·ÎÄû³î)[chlorohydroquinono(chloroquinol)]

(B) ¼úÆùÈ­(sulphonated)À¯µµÃ¼

(1) Æä³î¼úÆù»ê(phenolsulphonic acids)(HOC6H4SO3H) : Æä³î(phenol)À» ¼úÆùÈ­(sulphonated)ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¾ò¾îÁø´Ù.

(2) ³ªÇÁÅç¼úÆù»ê(naphtholsuphonic) : ³ªÇÁÅç(naphthols)À» Á÷Á¢ ¼úÆùÈ­(sulphonated)Çϰųª ÇÕ¼º¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¾ò¾îÁø´Ù. À̵éÀº ¿°·áÀÇ Á¦Á¶¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ È­ÇÕ¹°À» ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ±× ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¹°Ç°Àº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.

(a) 1-³ªÇÁÅç-4-¼úÆù»ê(1-naphthol-4-sulphonic acids)(Neville-Winther acid) : ±¤ÅüºÀÇ Åõ¸íÇÑ Ç÷¹ÀÌÅ©(flake) ¸ð¾çÀ̳ª Ȳ¹é»öÀÇ °¡·çÀÌ´Ù.

(b) 2-³ªÆ®Åç-6-¼úÆù»ê(1-naphthol-6-sulphonic acids)(Schaeffer-acid) : ¿¯Àº ÇÎÅ©¹é»öÀÇ °¡·ç

(c) 2-³ªÇÁÅç-7-¼úÆù»ê(2-naphthol-7-sulphonic acids)(F acid) : ¹é»ö °¡·ç

(d) 1-³ªÇÁÅç-5-¼úÆù»ê(1-naphthol-5-sulphonic acids) : Á¶ÇؼºÀÇ °áÁ¤Ã¼

(e) 2-³ªÇÁÅç-8-¼úÆù»ê(2-naphthol-8-sulphonic acids) : Ȳ¹é»öÀÇ °¡·ç

(C) ´ÏÆ®·ÎÈ­(nitrated)À¯µµÃ¼

(1) ¿À¸£Å䡤¸ÞŸ¿Í ÆĶó-´ÏÆ®·ÎÆä³î(o-, m- and p-nitrophenols)(HOC6H4NO2) : Ȳ»öÀÇ °áÁ¤Ã¼·Î¼­; À¯±â ÇÕ¼º¿°·á¿Í ÀÇ·á¿ëÇ°ÀÇ Á¦Á¶¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.

(2) µð´ÏÆ®·ÎÆä³î(dinitrophenols)(HOC6H3(NO2)2) : °áÁ¤ÁúÀÇ °¡·ç·Î¼­; Æø¾à¡¤È²È­ ¿°·áÀÇ Á¦Á¶¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.

(3) Æ®¸®´ÏÆ®·ÎÆä³î(ÇÇÅ©¸£»ê)[trinitrophenol(picric acid)](HOC6H2(NO2)3) : ±¤ÅüºÀÇ È²»ö °áÁ¤Ã¼·Î¼­ ³¿»õ°¡ ¾øÀ¸¸ç µ¶¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ°í È­»óÀÇ Ä¡·á¿Í Æø¾àÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇϸç; ±× ¿°Àº ÇÇÅ©¸£»ê¿°(picrates)À¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.

(4) µð´ÏÆ®·Î¿À¸£ÅäÅ©·¹Á¹(dinitro-o-cresols)

(5) Æ®¸®´ÏÆ®·ÎÅ©½Ç·¹³î(trinitroxylenols)

(D) ´ÏÆ®·Î¼ÒÈ­(nitrosated)À¯µµÃ¼

(1) ¿À¸£Å䡤¸ÞŸ¿Í ÆĶó-´ÏÆ®·Î¼ÒÆä³î(o-, m- and p-nitrosophenols) : ´ÏÆ®·Î¼ÒÆä³î(nitrosophenols)ÀÌ Äû³í¿Á½É(quinone oximes)ÀÇ È£º¯Ã¼(û»Ü¨ô÷ : tautomeric form) Áß¿¡¼­ ¹ÝÀÀÇÑ´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¸¸À¸·Î ±×°ÍÀÌ ÀÌ È£¿¡ ºÐ·ùÇϴµ¥ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

(2) ´ÏÆ®·Î¼Ò³ªÇÁÅç(nitrosonaphthols)

¢¸ Á¦2907È£ Á¦2909È£ ¢º

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