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28.03 ‑ Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon not elsewhere specified or included).
Carbon is a solid non‑metal.
This heading covers the following categories of carbon.
Carbon black results from the incomplete combustion or cracking (by heating, by electric arc or by electric sparks) of organic substances rich in carbon, such as :(1) Natural gases such as methane, anthracenic gases (i.e., gases carburetted with anthracene) and acetylene. Acetylene black, a very fine and pure product, is obtained by the sudden decomposition, initiated by an electric spark, of compressed acetylene. (2) Naphthalene, resins, oils (lamp black).
Carbon black may also be described as channel black or furnace black, according to the method of production.
Carbon black may contain oily impurities.
Carbon black is used as a pigment for the manufacture of paint, printing ink, shoe‑polish, etc., in making carbon paper, and as a reinforcing agent in the rubber industry.
This heading excludes :(a) Natural graphite (heading 25.04). (b) Natural carbons in the form of solid fuels (anthracite, coal, lignite); coke, agglomerated fuels and gas carbon (Chapter 27). (c) Certain black mineral colouring matter of heading 32.06 (e.g., alu black, shale black, silica black). (d) Artificial graphite; colloidal or semi‑colloidal graphite (e.g., heading 38.01). (e) Activated carbon and animal black (heading 38.02). (f) Wood charcoal (heading 44.02). (g) Crystalline carbon in the form of diamonds (headings 71.02 and 71.04).
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