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(A) BROOMS AND BRUSHES, CONSISTING OF TWIGS OR OTHER VEGETABLE MATERIALS BOUND TOGETHER, WITH OR WITHOUT HANDLES
These are rather roughly made articles, with or without handles, used mainly for sweeping the ground (streets, yards, stables, etc.) or floors (e.g., vehicle floors). They usually consist either of a single bundle of vegetable material (twigs, straw, etc.) roughly bound together, or of one or more bundles of thick straw or reeds forming a core on which thinner and longer straw is fixed with textile threads; these textile threads may at the same time form decorative motifs. For use, these articles are generally mounted on a handle.
This group also includes fly-whisks, made in the same way but of lighter materials.
These brooms and brushes are generally made from birch, hazel, holly, heather or broom twigs, sorghum, millet, camelina, etc., straw (or panicles), or fibres of aloe, coco (coir), palm (piassava, in particular), etc., or buckwheat stalks.(B) OTHER BROOMS AND BRUSHES
This group comprises a variety of articles, differing considerably both in materials and shape, used for toilet purposes, for household cleaning, for applying paints, adhesive or liquid products, and for certain industrial operations (cleaning, polishing, etc.).
In general, the brooms and brushes of this group consist either of small tufts or knots of flexible or springy fibres or filaments mounted in a broom or brush stock or back, or, as in the case of paint brushes, of a bunch of hairs or fibres strongly secured to the end of a short stock or handle with or without the aid of a metal ferrule or other retaining device.
The group also includes brooms and brushes of rubber or plastics moulded in one piece.
A very wide range of raw materials is used in the manufacture of the above articles. The materials used for the tufts, etc., may be : (a) Of animal origin : bristles of pig or wild boar; hair of horses, oxen, goats, badgers, martens, skunks, squirrels, polecats, etc.; fibres of horn; shafts of feathers. (b) Of vegetable origin : couch-grass roots, istle (or Tampico), coco (coir) or piassava fibres, esparto grass, sorghum panicles or split bamboo. (c) Of man-made filaments (e.g., nylon or viscose rayon). (d) Of wire (steel, brass, bronze, etc.), or of various other materials, e.g., cotton or wool yarn or twine, glass fibres.
The materials used for mountings include : wood, plastics, bone, horn, ivory, tortoise-shell, ebonite, certain metals (steel, aluminium, brass, etc.). In some brushes (e.g., circular brushes for machines, or brushes for special sweepers) leather, paperboard, felt or woven fabrics are also used. Quills of feathers are used as mountings for certain paint brushes.
Brushes in which natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed), precious metal or metal clad with precious metal constitute only minor constituents (e.g., monograms or rims) are also included in this group.
The heading excludes brushes containing natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed), precious metal or metal clad with precious metal otherwise than as minor constituents (Chapter 71). This group includes : (1) Tooth brushes, including dental-plate brushes. (2) Shaving brushes. (3) Brushes for toilet use (e.g., brushes for the hair, beard, moustache or eyelashes; nail brushes; brushes for hair dyeing, etc.); hairdressers' neck brushes. (4) Brushes of rubber or plastics, moulded in one piece, for toilet use (washing hands, etc.), for cleaning lavatory pans, etc. (5) Clothes, hat or shoe brushes; comb-cleaning brushes. (6) Brushes for household use (e.g., scrubbing brushes, dish-washing brushes, sink-cleaning brushes, lavatory brushes, furniture brushes, radiator brushes, crumb brushes). (7) Brooms and brushes for sweeping roads, floors, etc. (8) Special car cleaning brushes of textile materials, whether or not impregnated with cleaning products. (9) Brushes for grooming animals (horses, dogs, etc.). (10) Brushes for oiling weapons, bicycles, etc. (11) Brushes for gramophone records, including those for mounting on the sound-arm to clean the record automatically. (12) Brushes for cleaning printing type or type-bars of typewriters. (13) Brushes for cleaning sparking plugs, files, parts to be welded, etc. (14) Brushes for removing moss or old bark from trees or bushes. (15) Brushes for stencilling, whether or not with ink reservoir and ink-flow control. (16) Paint and other brushes (round or flat) for plasterers, house painters, decorators, cabinet-makers, artists, etc. For example, brushes for washing off old paint-work, distempering brushes, paper-hanging brushes, varnishing brushes, etc.; brushes for oil or water colours, wash-tinting brushes; brushes for painting ceramics, gilding brushes, etc.; small brushes for office use. This group also includes : (Ⅰ) Brushes mounted on wire (usually strands of wire twisted together), for example, flue brushes; brushes for bottle-washing or for cleaning cylindrical lamp glasses; brushes for cleaning tubes and piping, etc.; cleaners for smoking pipes; cleaning brushes for rifles, revolvers or pistols; funnel and tube brushes for musical instruments, etc. (Ⅱ) Brushes constituting machinery parts, for example, for road-sweepers; for spinning or weaving machines; for grinding, polishing or other machine-tools; for milling or paper-making machines; for watch-makers' or jewellers' lathes; for machines used in the leather, fur or shoe-making industries. (Ⅲ) Brushes for electrical household appliances (e.g., floor polishers or waxers, vacuum cleaners). This heading excludes : (a) Brush mountings or handles (classified according to the constituent material). (b) Textile polishing discs or pads (heading 59.11). (c) Card clothing (heading 84.48). (d) Diskettes for cleaning disk drives in ADP machines, etc. (heading 84.73). (e) Brushes of a kind specialised for use in dentistry or for medical, surgical or veterinary purposes (e.g., laryngeal brushes, and brushes for mounting on dental drills) (heading 90.18). (f) Brushes having the character of toys (heading 95.03). (g) Powder-puffs and pads for the application of cosmetics or toilet preparations (heading 96.16). (C) HAND-OPERATED MECHANICAL FLOOR SWEEPERS, NOT MOTORISED
These are simple articles, usually consisting of a wheeled housing containing one or more cylindrical brushes operated by the movement of the wheels, propelled manually by means of a handle and used in particular for cleaning carpets.
The heading excludes motorised sweepers (heading 84.79). (D) MOPS AND FEATHER DUSTERS
Mopsconsist of a bundle of textile cords or vegetable fibres mounted on a handle. Certain other mops consist of a mop-head pad made of textile or other material fitted or attached to a frame or other base connected to the handle. They include dust mops, spray mops and sponge mops used in dry or wet applications for cleaning up stains or liquid spills, cleaning floors, washing dishes, etc.
Feather dusters consist of a bundle of feathers mounted on a handle and are used for dusting furniture, shelves, shop windows, etc. In other types of feather dusters the "feathers" have been replaced by lambs' wool, textile materials, etc., fixed to or wrapped around a handle.
This heading excludes cleaning cloth made of textile materials designed for use as hand cloths or for attachment to the mop-head frame or other base, when presented separately (Section XI). (E) PREPARED KNOTS AND TUFTS
In accordance with Note 3 to this Chapter, this group is restricted to unmounted knots or tufts of animal hair, vegetable fibre, man-made filaments, etc., which are ready for incorporation without division in brooms or brushes, or which require only such further minor processes as trimming to shape at the top, to render them ready for such incorporation.
The heading therefore excludes, inter alia, bundles (or similar trade presentations) of animal hair, vegetable fibres or other materials which have not been prepared for broom or brush making. The heading also excludes assemblies of hair or fibres which have been prepared for broom or brush making, but which still require to be divided into smaller tufts before mounting into broom or brush heads, etc.
The prepared knots and tufts included in this group are mainly used for shaving brushes, paint brushes and painting or drawing brushes.
To bind them into a compact bundle, the fibre tufts (or knots) are usually dipped, up to about one quarter of their length, into a varnish or some other coating material; sometimes sawdust is also added for greater strength. Knots or tufts mounted in collars (usually of metal) are excluded (group (B) above).
Prepared tufts or knots which have to undergo other finishing processes after being mounted on a handle (rounding their ends, grinding of the fibre ends to give them required softness, etc.) remain in this group. (F) PAINT PADS AND ROLLERS; SQUEEGEES (OTHER THAN ROLLER SQUEEGEES)
Paint rollers consist of a roller covered with lambskin or other material mounted on a handle.
Paint pads consist of a flat surface, for example, of woven fabric attached to a hard back, usually of plastics; they may have handles.
Squeegees are generally made of strips of plastics, rubber or felt mounted between two blades of wood, metal, etc., or mounted on a block of wood, metal, etc., and used as a broom on wet surfaces.
However, the group excludes roller squeegees, consisting of one or more rollers mounted on a handle and used in photography (heading 90.10).
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