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This heading covers certain apparatus for maintaining required conditions of temperature and humidity in closed spaces. The machines may also comprise elements for the purification of air.
They are used for air conditioning offices, homes, public halls, ships, motor vehicles, etc., and also in certain industrial installations requiring special atmospheric conditions (e.g., in the textile, paper, tobacco or food industries).
The heading applies only to machines :(1) Equipped with a motor-driven fan or blower, and (2) Designed to change both the temperature (a heating or cooling element or both) and the humidity (a humidifying or drying element or both) of air, and (3) For which the elements mentioned in (1) and (2) are presented together. In these machines the elements for humidifying or drying the air may be separate from those for heating or cooling it. However, certain types incorporate only a single unit which changes both the temperature and, by condensation, the humidity of the air. These air conditioning machines cool and dry (by condensation of water vapour on a cold coil) the air of the room in which they are installed or, if they have an outside air intake (damper), a mixture of fresh air and room air. They are generally provided with drip pans to catch the condensate. The machines may be in the form of single units encompassing all the required elements, such as self-contained window or wall types (referred to as "through-the-wall" units). Alternatively, they may be in the form of "split-systems" which operate when connected together, i.e., a condenser unit for external installation plus an evaporator unit for internal installation. These "split-systems" are ductless and utilize a separate evaporator for each area to be air conditioned (e.g., each room).
From the structural point of view, the air conditioning machines of this heading must therefore incorporate, in addition to the motor-driven fan or blower for circulating the air, at least the following elements :
An air heating device (operated by hot water, steam or hot air tubes or by electric resistances, etc.) and an air humidifier (generally consisting of a water spray) or an air de-humidifier; or A cold water coil or a refrigerator unit evaporator (either of which changes both the temperature and, by condensation, the humidity of the air); or Some other type of cooling element with a separate device for changing the humidity of the air. In certain cases, the de-humidifier makes use of the hygroscopic properties of absorbent materials. This heading covers, inter alia, reversible heat pumps designed, through a single system fitted with a valve for reversal of the cooling/heat cycle, to perform the dual function of heating and cooling premises. In the cooling cycle, the reversing valve directs the flow of hot, high pressure vapour to the outdoor coil where the heat released during condensation is fanned into the outdoor air and then compressed refrigerant flows into an indoor coil where it vaporizes and absorbs heat and cools the air that is driven around the premises by a fan. In the heating cycle, the shifting of the valve for reversal of the cooling/heat cycle causes the refrigerant flow to reverse so that the heat is released inside the premises. Air conditioning machines may be supplied with their means of heating or cooling from an external source. They are usually fitted with air cleaners consisting of one or more layers of filtering material, often impregnated with oil (textile material, glass wool, steel or copper wool, expanded metal, etc.) through which the air is passed to remove suspended dust, etc. They may also be provided with devices for adjusting or automatically controlling the temperature and humidity of the air. This heading also covers apparatus which, although not fitted with a device for separately regulating the humidity of the air, change the humidity by condensation. Examples of such apparatus are the above-mentioned self-contained units and split-systems which utilize a separate evaporator for each area to be air conditioned (e.g., each room), and also apparatus for cold stores consisting of a combined cooling evaporator and motorized blower. Also included are units for heating/cooling a closed chamber (lorry, trailer or container), consisting of a compressor, a condenser and a motor in a housing mounted on the outside of the goods compartment and of a ventilator and an evaporator within the container.
However, the heading excludes refrigeration units designed to maintain a fixed temperature well below 0° C in a closed chamber (e.g., lorry, trailer or container), and fitted with a heating system to raise the temperature in the chamber, within certain limits, when the outside temperature is very low. Such equipment is classifiable in heading 84.18 as refrigerating or freezing equipment, the heating function being subsidiary to the equipment's essential function, which is to keep perishable products cool during transportation.
PARTS
In accordance with the provisions of Note 2 (b) to Section XVI, this heading includes separately presented indoor units and outdoor units for split-system air conditioning machines of this heading.
Other parts for air-conditioning machines, whether or not designed for building into a self-contained unit, are to be classified in accordance with the provisions of Note 2 (a) to Section XVI (headings 84.14, 84.18, 84.19, 84.21, 84.79, etc.) or, if Note 2 (a) is not applicable, in accordance with Note 2 (b) or 2 (c) to Section XVI, depending on whether or not they are identifiable as suitable for use solely or principally with the air-conditioning machines of which they are parts. The heading excludes : (a) Air heaters and hot air distributors of heading 73.22 which can also distribute fresh or conditioned air. (b) Non- reversible heat pumps of heading 84.18 and chillers for air conditioning machines (heading 84.18). (c) Apparatus which, althoughincorporating a motor-driven fan, has the sole function of changing either the temperature or humidity of the air (headings 84.79, 85.16, etc.). Subheading Explanatory Notes. Subheading8415.10
This subheading covers air conditioning machines of window or wall types, self-contained or "split-system".
The self-contained type air conditioners are in the form of single units encompassing all the required elements and being self-contained.
The "split-system" type air conditioners are ductless and utilize a separate evaporator for each area to be air conditioned (e.g., each room).
However, this subheading excludes ducted central air conditioning systems which utilize ducts to carry refrigerated air from an evaporator to several areas to be cooled. Subheading 8415.20
This subheading covers equipment which is intended mainly for passenger motor vehicles of all kinds, but which may also be fitted in other kinds of motor vehicles, for air conditioning the cabs or compartments in which persons are accommodated. Subheading 8415.90
This subheading includes both indoor and outdoor units for split-system air conditioning machines of subheading 8415.10 when presented separately. The units are designed to be connected by electrical wiring and copper tubing through which refrigerant passes between the indoor and outdoor units.
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