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This metal occurs in the native state, but it is mainly obtained either by refining residues of lead, copper, etc., or by extraction from the sulphide or carbonate ores (e.g., bismuthinite and bismutite).
Bismuth is white with a reddish tint, brittle, difficult to work and a bad conductor.
It is used in scientific apparatus and in the preparation of chemical compounds for pharmaceutical use.
It forms fusible alloys (some melting below 100 °C) of which the following may fall in the heading in accordance with Note 5 to Section XV :(1) Bismuth-lead-tin alloys (sometimes with cadmium, etc.) (e.g., Darcet's, Lipowit's, Newton's or Wood's alloys), used as solders, casting alloys, fusible elements for fire-extinguishers, boilers. (2) Bismuth-indium-lead-tin-cadmium alloys, used in taking surgical casts.
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