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(A) CLOTH (INCLUDING ENDLESS BANDS), GRILL, NETTING AND FENCING
The products of this group are, in the main, produced by interlacing, interweaving, netting, etc., iron or steel wire by hand or machine. The methods of manufacture broadly resemble those used in the textile industry (for simple warp and weft fabrics, knitted or crocheted fabrics, etc.).
The group includes wire grill in which the wires are welded at the points of contact or bound at those points by means of an additional wire, whether or not the wires are also interlaced.
The term "wire" means hot- or cold-formed products of any cross-sectional shape, of which no cross-sectional dimension exceeds 16 mm, such as rolled wire, wire rod and flat strip cut from sheet (see Note 2 to this Chapter).
The material of the heading may be used for many purposes e.g., for the washing, drying or filtering of many materials; to make fencing, food protecting covers and insect screening, safety guards for machinery, conveyor belting, shelving, mattresses, upholstery, sieves and riddles, etc.; and for reinforcing concrete, etc.
The material may be in rolls, in endless bands (e.g., for belting) or in sheets, whether or not cut to shape; it may be of two or more ply.(B) EXPANDED METAL
Expanded metal is a network of diamond shaped meshes formed by stretching sheet or strip metal in which parallel incisions have been cut.
The material is fairly rigid and strong, and is used instead of wire grill or perforated sheets for fencing, safety guards for machines, flooring of foot-bridges or crane runways, reinforcement of various building materials (e.g., concrete, cement, plaster, glass), etc. Apart from articles made up of wire netting which are excluded generally from this heading, the following fall in other Chapters, viz. : (a) Woven fabric of metal thread, of a kind used in articles of apparel, as furnishing fabric or the like (heading 58.09). (b) Plastics or asbestos reinforced with wire mesh, wired glass (Chapters 39, 68 and 70, respectively); bricanion lath (a wire mesh incorporated in kilned clay and used for building purposes) (Chapter 69); paper roofing sheets usually tarred and reinforced with wire mesh (Chapter 48). However, woven wire, etc., lightly coated in plastics (even if the meshes are filled), and wire netting or grill with a backing of paper as used in cementing, plastering, etc., remain in this heading. (c) Wire cloth, etc., made into the form of machinery parts, e.g., by assembly with other materials (Chapter 84 or 85). (d) Wire cloth, etc., made up into hand sieves and riddles (heading 96.04). Subheading Explanatory Note. Subheadings 7314.12, 7314.14 and 7314.19
The term "woven cloth" applies only to wire products manufactured in the same manner as textile woven fabrics, with two thread systems crossing at right angles.
Cloth is generally plain weave, although it may also be twill or other weave. The weft is a continuous strand which runs back and forth across the warp. Cloth is produced on continuous action looms. The points at which the strands intersect may be reinforced (for example, by binding with an extra strand). Wovens of this kind may consist of relatively widely-spaced strands, giving a square-mesh grill effect. The crimped varieties are made from crimped strands; the crimps interlock, making the points of intersection more rigid. Alternatively, the cloth may be woven from straight strands, then pressed; the resulting deformation at the points of intersection reinforces the weave.
Cloth may be put up in rolls or in sheets cut to length or cut to shape; the edges of the sheets may be welded or brazed.
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