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(A) RESIDUAL PRODUCTS OF THE CHEMICAL OR ALLIED INDUSTRIES, NOT ELSEWHERE SPECIFIED OR INCLUDED
(1) Alkaline iron oxide for the purification of gas (in particular, coal-gas) containing impure ferric oxide, obtained as a by-product from one of the processes of the extraction of aluminium from bauxite. These by-products also contain sodium carbonate, silica, etc. (2) Residues from the manufacture of antibiotics (called "cakes"), with a very low antibiotic content, suitable for use for the preparation of compound animal feeds. (3) Ammoniacal gas liquors, produced as an aqueous portion settling out from the crude coal tar condensed from coal gas, and also by the absorption of ammonia in the waters used for washing coal. They are usually concentrated before transportation. They are brownish liquids and are used for the manufacture of ammonium salts (particularly ammonium sulphate) and purified and concentrated aqueous solutions of ammonia gas. (4) Spent oxide. After the water-extraction of the greater part of its ammonia content, coal gas is chemically purified by passing it through a mass usually composed of bog iron ore or of hydrated iron(Ⅲ)oxide, sawdust and calcium sulphate. This mass removes from the gas certain impurities (hydrogen sulphide, hydrocyanic acid, etc.). When spent, it contains a mixture of sulphur, Prussian blue, a small quantity of ammonium salts and other substances, and is known as spent oxide. It is usually in the form of powder or granules, greenish to brownish in colour, with a disagreeable odour, and is mainly used as a source of sulphur and cyanides (particularly Prussian blue) and as a fertiliser or an insecticide. (5) Residues from the processing of power plant combustion off-gases by so called limestone gypsum flue gas desulphurisation (LG FGD). These residues are solid or in the form of a slurry and can be further processed and used as a substitute for natural gypsum in plasterboard manufacture. However, purified calcium sulphate isolated from these residues, is excluded (heading 28.33). (B) MUNICIPAL WASTE
This heading also covers municipal waste of a kind collected from households, hotels, restaurants, hospitals, shops, offices, etc., and road and pavement sweepings, as well as construction and demolition waste. Municipal waste generally contains a large variety of materials such as plastics, rubber, wood, paper, textiles, glass, metals, food materials, broken furniture and other damaged or discarded articles.
Individual materials or articles segregated from the waste (such as wastes of plastics, rubber, wood, paper, textiles, glass or metals and spent batteries) and industrial waste are excluded and fall in their appropriate headings of the Nomenclature. (For industrial wastes from chemical or allied industries, see Part (D) below). Such waste materials or articles collected separately should also be classified in their appropriate headings. (C) SEWAGE SLUDGE
Sewagesludge is sludge arising from urban effluent treatment plant and includes pre-treatment waste, scourings and unstabilised sludge.
The heading does not include stabilised sewage sludge when suitable for use as fertiliser (Chapter 31). However, those containing other materials harmful to agriculture (e.g., heavy metals), which make the stabilised sludge unfit for use as fertiliser, remain classified in this heading. (D) OTHER WASTES SPECIFIED IN NOTE 6 TO THIS CHAPTER
The heading also covers a wide variety of other wastes specified in Note (6) to this Chapter. They include : (1) Clinical waste which is contaminated waste arising from medical research, diagnosis, treatment or other medical, surgical, dental or veterinary procedures. Such waste often contains pathogens, pharmaceutical substances and body fluids and requires special disposal procedures (e.g., soiled dressings, used gloves and used syringes). (2) Waste organic solvents generally derived from cleaning and washing processes and containing mainly organic solvents, not fit for further use as presented as primary products, whether or not intended for recovery of the solvents.
Wastes containing mainly petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals are excluded (heading 27.10). (3) Wastes of metal pickling liquors, hydraulic fluids, brake fluids and anti-freezing fluids not fit for further use as presented as primary products. They are generally used for recovery of the primary products.
However, the heading excludes ash and residues from waste of metal pickling liquors of a kind used for the recovery of metals or metal compounds (heading 26.20) and wastes of hydraulic fluids and brake fluids containing mainly petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals
(heading 27.10). (4) Other wastes from the chemical or allied industries. This group includes, inter alia, wastes resulting from the production, formulation and use of inks, dyes, pigments, paints, lacquers and varnishes, other than municipal waste and waste organic solvents. They are generally heterogeneous mixtures which can vary from liquid or semi-solid dispersions in aqueous or non-aqueous media, exhibiting a wide range of viscosity. They are not fit for further use as presented as primary products.
However, the heading excludes slag, ash and residues from wastes resulting from the production, formulation and use of inks, dyes, pigments, paints, lacquers and varnishes, of a kind used for the recovery of metals or their compounds (heading 26.20) and wastes containing mainly petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals (heading 27.10). The heading also excludes : (a) Slag, ash and residues containing metals, arsenic or their mixtures, of a kind used in industry for the recovery of arsenic or metals or for the manufacture of their compounds (heading 26.20). (b) Ash and residues from the incineration of municipal waste (heading 26.21). (c) Terpenic by-products of the deterpenation of essential oils (heading 33.01). (d) Residual lyes from the manufacture of wood pulp (heading 38.04).
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