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Sulphonamides have the general formula (R1SO2NR2R3) where R1 is an organic radical of varying complexity having a carbon atom directly attached to the SO2 group and R2 and R3 are either : hydrogen, another atom or an inorganic or organic radical of varying complexity (including double bonds or rings). Many are used in medicine as powerful bactericides. They include, inter alia :
(1) o-Toluenesulphonamide. (2) o-Sulphamoylbenzoic acid. (3) p-Sulphamoylbenzylamine. (4) p-Aminobenzenesulphonamide (H2NC6H4SO2NH2) (sulphanilamide). (5) p-Aminobenzenesulphonacetamide. (6) Sildenafil citrate. (7) Sulphapyridine (INN) or p-aminobenzenesulphonamidopyridine. (8) Sulphadiazine (INN) or p-aminobenzenesulphonamidopyrimidine. (9) Sulphamerazine (INN) or p-aminobenzenesulphonamidomethylpyrimidine. (10) Sulphathiourea (INN) or p-aminobenzenesulphonamidothiourea. (11) Sulphathiazole (INN) or p-aminobenzenesulphonamidothiazole. (12) Chlorinated sulphonamides whether or not the chlorine atom is directly linked to nitrogen (e.g., sulphonchloramides or N-chlorosulphonamides, known as "chloramines"; "chlorothiazide" or 6-chloro-7-sulphamoylbenzo-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide; 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-7-sulphamoylbenzo-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide).
This heading excludes compounds in which all of the S-N bonds of the sulphonamide group(s) are part of a ring. They are other heterocyclic compounds (sultams) of heading 29.34.
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